Why Pollinators Matter to Food Security
Pollinators, including bees, butterflies, birds, and bats, are essential for the reproduction of many flowering plants, including a significant portion of global food crops.…
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“Food systems”
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Which Foods Have the Largest Environmental Footprint?
Animal-based foods, particularly beef and lamb, have the largest environmental footprints in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and water consumption. Plant-based foods…
How Food Waste Affects Climate and Land Use
Food waste is the discarding of edible food throughout the supply chain and by consumers. When food is wasted, all the resources used to…
How Food Production Affects Planetary Boundaries
Food production is the single largest driver of environmental change, pushing multiple planetary boundaries beyond safe limits. It contributes to climate change, biodiversity loss,…
Land Sparing vs Land Sharing: Balancing Food Production and Biodiversity
Land sparing and land sharing are two contrasting strategies for balancing agricultural production with biodiversity conservation. Land sparing involves intensifying farming on existing land…
What Is Regenerative Agriculture?
Regenerative agriculture is a holistic approach to farming and grazing that focuses on restoring soil health, increasing biodiversity, and enhancing ecosystem services. It goes…
Planetary Health Diet Explained: The EAT-Lancet Commission Report
The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a global reference diet that could feed 10 billion people by 2050 while preventing about 11 million premature deaths annually…
Increasing CO₂ threatens human nutrition
A 2014 study in Nature found that rising atmospheric CO₂ levels reduce the protein, iron, and zinc content of staple crops like wheat, rice,…
Planetary Boundaries and the Sustainable Development Goals
The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity based on Earth-system processes, while the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set global targets…
Vertical Farming: Energy, Land and Water Trade-Offs
Vertical farming is the practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers within controlled indoor environments, using technologies like hydroponics and LED lighting. It…