Uncertainty Range vs Margin of Error: Understanding Polling Precision
The margin of error for a typical national poll with 1,000 respondents is approximately ±3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level, as of…
Evidence library
Joaquimma Anna
Research, explainers and solution analysis for understanding change across a living planet.
114 resourcesWhy Truncated Axes Can Distort Environmental Trends
The global average temperature anomaly for 2024 was 1.28°C above the 1951-1980 baseline, according to NASA GISS. Truncating the y-axis in charts of such…
Index Values in Environmental Reports: The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2024
The 2024 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) global average score is 49.5 out of 100, measured in 2024, indicating that the world is far from…
Systematic Review vs Meta-Analysis: Publication Trends and Current Figures
In 2019, approximately 29,200 systematic reviews were published, with about 63% including a meta-analysis, according to a 2021 study in the Journal of Clinical…
Carbon Neutral Product Claims: What to Check
Carbon neutral product claims indicate that a product’s carbon footprint has been calculated and offset through verified emission reductions. To trust such claims, consumers…
Post-Growth Economics Explained: Moving Beyond GDP Growth
Post-growth economics is a school of thought that challenges the necessity and desirability of endless GDP growth, advocating for an economic system that prioritizes…
Green Growth: Evidence, Arguments and Criticism
Green growth is an economic paradigm that seeks to reconcile economic expansion with environmental sustainability by decoupling growth from resource use and environmental degradation.…
What Makes a City Sustainable? A Comprehensive Analysis
A sustainable city integrates environmental, social, and economic strategies to reduce its ecological footprint while improving quality of life. The concept is promising and…
Planetary Health Diet Explained: The EAT-Lancet Commission’s Recommendations
The EAT-Lancet Commission's planetary health diet is a flexible, plant-forward eating pattern designed to feed 10 billion people sustainably by 2050. It emphasizes vegetables,…
Why Fertilizer Runoff Causes Dead Zones
Fertilizer runoff carries excess nitrogen and phosphorus into waterways, fueling massive algal blooms. When these algae die and decompose, the process consumes oxygen, creating…