Carbon Cycle Explained: Sources, Sinks and Storage
The carbon cycle is the continuous movement of carbon among the atmosphere, oceans, land, and living organisms. Carbon sources release carbon into the atmosphere,…
Evidence library
Joaquimma Anna
Research, explainers and solution analysis for understanding change across a living planet.
349 resources
Climate Justice vs Environmental Justice: Key Differences and Connections
Climate justice and environmental justice are related but distinct frameworks addressing the unequal distribution of environmental benefits and burdens. Environmental justice focuses on fair…
What Is a Climate Feedback Loop? Definition, Types, and Impacts
A climate feedback loop is a process in the climate system that can either amplify (positive feedback) or dampen (negative feedback) an initial change.…
PFAS Explained: Uses, Persistence and Environmental Risk
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are a large group of synthetic chemicals used since the 1940s for their water-, grease-, and stain-resistant properties. Their…
Habitat Loss vs Habitat Fragmentation: Understanding the Difference
Habitat loss is the outright destruction of natural environments, while habitat fragmentation is the breaking apart of once-continuous habitat into smaller, isolated patches. Both…
What Is the Rebound Effect?
The rebound effect is the reduction in expected gains from a new technology that increases the efficiency of resource use, because of behavioral or…
Land Sparing vs Land Sharing: Balancing Food Production and Biodiversity
Land sparing and land sharing are two contrasting strategies for balancing agricultural production with biodiversity conservation. Land sparing involves intensifying farming on existing land…
Green Growth vs Degrowth: Definitions, Evidence, and Implications
Green growth is an economic paradigm that seeks to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation through technological innovation and efficiency improvements. Degrowth, in contrast,…
Can Humanity Return Within the Planetary Boundaries?
The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity. As of 2023, six of nine boundaries are transgressed, raising the question of…