Global Study Links Wildfire Smoke to Tens of Thousands of Annual Deaths
A large international study found that short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfires is associated with increased daily mortality from all causes,…
Evidence library
Joaquimma Anna
Research, explainers and solution analysis for understanding change across a living planet.
414 resources
Low-Probability, High-Impact Climate Risks: An Explainer
Low-probability, high-impact climate risks are potential climate events or tipping points with a small chance of occurring but catastrophic consequences if they do. Understanding…
What Is Crop Rotation and Why Does It Matter?
Crop rotation is the planned sequence of different crops on the same land over time, a foundational agricultural practice that improves soil health, reduces…
Why Humans Have Altered the Nitrogen Cycle
Human activities have dramatically altered the global nitrogen cycle, primarily through the industrial production of synthetic fertilizers, the combustion of fossil fuels, and the…
Urban Heat Island Effect and Heat-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A 2022 systematic review and meta-analysis found that higher urban heat island intensity is associated with a significant increase in heat-related mortality, with a…
Can Global Temperature Fall After Overshooting 1.5°C?
Global temperature can decline after overshooting 1.5°C if net-negative emissions are achieved, but this requires large-scale carbon dioxide removal and comes with irreversible impacts.…
Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 Emissions Explained
Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions are categories defined by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol to classify a company's greenhouse gas emissions. Scope…
Circular Procurement Explained
Circular procurement is a strategic approach where organizations purchase goods, services, or works that contribute to closed-loop material cycles, minimize waste, and maximize resource…
Lab-Grown Meat: Environmental Potential and Uncertainty
Lab-grown meat, also known as cultivated or cell-cultured meat, is produced by growing animal cells in a controlled environment without raising and slaughtering animals.…
Why Efficiency Gains Do Not Always Reduce Consumption: The Rebound Effect Explained
Efficiency improvements can paradoxically increase resource use due to the rebound effect. When a product or service becomes more efficient, its effective cost drops,…