GDP vs Genuine Progress Indicator: A Comprehensive Comparison
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the total market value of goods and services produced, while the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) adjusts for factors like…
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Research, explainers and solution analysis for understanding change across a living planet.
31 resources
Why Environmental Risk Is Unequally Distributed
Environmental risks—such as pollution, toxic waste, and climate hazards—are not shared equally across society. Due to socioeconomic disparities, historical discrimination, and political marginalization, low-income…
Energy Transition Explained: Technologies, Policies and Trade-Offs
The energy transition is the global shift from fossil fuel-based energy systems to low-carbon and renewable sources, driven by climate goals and technological progress.…
Climate Reparations: Arguments and Challenges
Climate reparations refer to the idea that wealthy, high-emitting nations should compensate poorer, low-emitting nations for the loss and damage caused by climate change,…
Climate Transition Plans: What Should They Include?
A climate transition plan is a strategic roadmap that outlines how an organization will align its operations, business model, and value chain with a…
What Is Sufficiency in Sustainability Policy?
Sufficiency in sustainability policy is a strategy that aims to reduce absolute resource consumption and demand to within ecological limits. It emphasizes 'enough' rather…
Solar Radiation Modification: Potential and Risks
Solar radiation modification (SRM) encompasses a set of proposed techniques to reflect a small fraction of sunlight back into space to cool the Earth.…
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS): A Comprehensive Analysis
An evidence-based assessment of carbon capture, utilization and storage technologies: their potential to mitigate climate change, real-world performance, costs, risks, and role in a…
How Scientists Remove Seasonal Variation From Data: The Case of U.S. Employment
In March 2025, U.S. total nonfarm payroll employment was 159.7 million on a seasonally adjusted basis, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Seasonal…
Planetary Health Diet Explained: The EAT-Lancet Commission’s Recommendations
The EAT-Lancet Commission's planetary health diet is a flexible, plant-forward eating pattern designed to feed 10 billion people sustainably by 2050. It emphasizes vegetables,…